UMaya Lin unikele umsebenzi wakhe weminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ekudaleni ubuciko obenza umbukeli asabele noma, njengoba esho, enze abantu “bayeke ukucabanga bese bezizwa nje”.
Kusukela kumaphrojekthi akhe okuqala obuciko obusha ekamelweni lakhe lokulala lase-Ohio elinobuciko esengumntwana, kuya kumaphrojekthi amaningi amakhulu, izikhumbuzo kanye nezinto ezikhumbulekayo azenze eminyakeni eminingi edlule, kufaka phakathi isithombe sikaYale sikawonkewonke esithi “Itafula Lokudlela Labesifazane, eLahn.” I-Ston Hughes Library eTennessee, ukufakwa kwe-Haunted Forest eNew York, umbhoshongo wensimbi ongamamitha angu-60 eGuangdong, eShayina, ubuhle bukaLin bugxile ekudaleni ukuxhumana ngokomzwelo phakathi komsebenzi wakhe nombukeli.
Engxoxweni yevidiyo, ethi “Maya Lin, In Her Own Words,” ekhiqizwe yiNational Portrait Gallery yeSmithsonian Institution, uLin uthe kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlobana nomsebenzi wokudala: enye iwukuhlakanipha kanti enye iwukusebenza kwengqondo, okuyinto ayithandayo iPath of Discovery.
“Kufana nokuthi, yeka ukucabanga bese uzizwa nje. Kufana nokuthi uyamunca ngesikhumba sakho. Uyamunca kakhulu ezingeni lengqondo, okungukuthi, ezingeni lozwela,” kusho uLim ngendlela acabanga ngayo ngentuthuko yobuciko bakhe. Yisho futhi. “Ngakho engikwenzayo ukuzama ukuba nengxoxo ejulile kakhulu nabantu.”
ULin ubelokhu ephumelela kakhulu ekudaleni izingxoxo selokhu aqala umsebenzi wakhe ngo-1981, efunda ubuciko bokwakha eYale University. alley eWashington, DC.
Umbono kaLin omangalisayo ngalesi sikhumbuzo waqala wagxekwa kakhulu amaqembu amasosha kanye nabanye, okuhlanganisa namalungu eCongress ayethanda isitayela sendabuko. Kodwa umfundi wezokwakha wahlala engaguquki ezinhlosweni zakhe zokuklama.
URobert Doubek, umqondisi wohlelo eVietnam Veterans Memorial, uthe uyakwazisa ukuzethemba kukaLin futhi ukhumbula indlela lo mfundi osemusha “ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu” azimela ngayo ezingxoxweni zenhlangano futhi wavikela ubuqotho bomklamo wakhe. Namuhla, lesi sikhumbuzo esinomfanekiso ongu-V sigujwa kabanzi, sinezivakashi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 minyaka yonke, eziningi zazo ezikubheka njengohambo olungcwele futhi zishiya izincwadi ezincane, izindondo, nezithombe njengesikhumbuzo semindeni yazo nabangani abalahlekile.
Kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe womphakathi, lo mculi oqalayo uqhubekile nokumangaza abalandeli, abaculi akanye nabo, ngisho nabaholi bomhlaba ngezimanga zakhe.
Ngo-2016, uMongameli uBarack Obama wanikeza uLyn iPresidential Medal of Freedom ngomsebenzi wakhe ovelele wobuciko kanye nokwakha emikhakheni yamalungelo abantu, amalungelo omphakathi kanye nokuvikeleka kwemvelo.
ULining, othanda ukugcina ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe yangaphakathi iyimfihlo futhi egwema abezindaba, okuhlanganisa ne-Smithsonian Magazine, manje useyisihloko sombukiso womlando wokuphila kwakhe ozinikele kumklami nomqophi wezithombe. I-“One Life: Maya Lin” e-National Portrait Gallery ye-Smithsonian Institution ikuhambisa emsebenzini kaLin oshintshashintshayo, obonisa izithombe eziningi zomndeni nezinto ezikhumbulekayo kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe, kanye neqoqo lamamodeli e-3D, izincwadi zokudweba, imidwebo, izithombe eziqoshiwe, nezithombe ezibonisa impilo yakhe. Indlela yomculi ingemuva kwemiklamo ethile ephawulekayo.
UDorothy Moss, umgqugquzeli wombukiso, uthe wahlangana noLin okokuqala lapho imyuziyamu iqala ukuthumela izithombe zomculi ukuhlonipha iminikelo yakhe emlandweni waseMelika, emasikweni, kwezobuciko kanye nasezakhiweni. Izithombe ezincane ze-3D ezenziwe ngumdwebi uKarin Sander ngo-2014 — ukuskena imibala kukaLin, owenza izithombe ze-2D ne-3D ezingezona ezendabuko, ethatha izigidi zezithombe zendawo ezungezile umdwebi — nazo ziyaboniswa.
Umuzwa wokuthi uLin useceleni ubonakala esithombeni sikaSander. ULin uthi lo mbono wokuphila ngezinto eziphikisanayo ubonakala emibhalweni yakhe eminingi.
"Mhlawumbe kungenxa yefa lami laseMpumalanga-Ntshonalanga, ukwenza izinto emngceleni; ingabe lokhu kuyisayensi? Ingabe ubuciko? Ingabe kuseMpumalanga? Ingabe kuseNtshonalanga? Ingabe kuqinile noma kumanzi?" kusho uLin Zai engxoxweni nemyuziyamu.
UMoss uthe waba nesithakazelo endabeni kaLin ngemuva kokufunda ngefa lomndeni walo mculi nokuthi wakhulela kanjani emndenini wamaShayina okuwukuphela kwawo endaweni. “Uyazi, ngaqala ukucabanga ukuthi njengendodakazi yabafuduki ababili baseShayina abakhulele emaphandleni ase-Ohio, kungaba kuhle ukuxoxa indaba yakhe bese ngiphishekela lo msebenzi omuhle. Yileyo ndlela engahlangana ngayo naye,” kusho uMoh.
“Singumndeni osondelene kakhulu futhi nabo bangumndeni ojwayelekile wabokufika futhi bashiya izinto eziningi ngemuva. EShayina? “Abakaze bakukhulume,” kusho uLin, kodwa wazizwa “ehlukile” kubazali bakhe.
Ingxenye yochungechunge lwango-2006 olumayelana nokuphila kosaziwayo okubalwa kubo uDolores Huerta, uBabe Ruth, uMarian Anderson, noSylvia Plath, umbukiso i-One Life uwumbukiso wokuqala wemyuziyamu ozinikele kubantu baseMelika base-Asia.
“Indlela esihlele ngayo umbukiso we-Lifetime ilandelana ngokulandelana kwezikhathi, ngakho ungabheka ubuntwana, amathonya okuqala, kanye neminikelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi,” kusho uMoss.
ULin wazalwa ngo-1959 kuHenry Huang Lin noJulia Chang Lin. Uyise wathuthela e-United States ngawo-1940 futhi waba umbumbi onekhono ngemuva kokufunda ubumba eNyuvesi yaseWashington lapho ahlangana khona nomkakhe uJulia. Ngonyaka azalwa ngawo uLin, bathuthela e-Athens. UHenry wafundisa ubumba eNyuvesi yase-Ohio futhi ekugcineni waba yisikhulu seSikole Sobuciko Obuhle. Lo mbukiso ubonisa umsebenzi ongenasihloko sikayise.
ULin utshele imyuziyamu ukuthi ubuciko bukayise bube nethonya elikhulu kuye. “Zonke izitsha esizidlayo zenziwe nguye: izinto zobumba ezihlobene nemvelo, imibala yemvelo nezinto zokwakha. Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi impilo yethu yansuku zonke igcwele lobu buhle obuhlanzekile kakhulu, besimanje, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo obufudumele kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu kimi. Umthelela omkhulu.”
Amathonya okuqala avela kubuciko besimanje obuncane avame ukuthungwa ezingomeni nasezintweni zikaLin. Kusukela kumodeli yakhe ephefumulelwe yilanga yeSikhumbuzo Samalungelo Abantu sase-Alabama sika-1987 kuya emidwebweni yamaphrojekthi amakhulu okwakha kanye nawomphakathi, njengokuvuselelwa kwesakhiwo somlando saseSmith College Library sika-1903 eNorthampton, eMassachusetts, izivakashi eziya embukisweni zingabona ukubonakaliswa okujulile kukaLin kwamasu endawo.
ULin ukhumbula amathuluzi okunika amandla awathola ethonyeni labazali bakhe, kuyise, amandla amakhulu okholo, nakunina, owamkhuthaza ukuba alandele izifiso zakhe. Ngokusho kwakhe, lesi yisipho esingavamile kwabesifazane abasebasha.
“Ikakhulukazi, umama wanginika la mandla angempela ngoba umsebenzi wawubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Wayengumbhali. Wayekuthanda ukufundisa futhi ngangizizwa sengathi kunginike lawo mandla kusukela ngosuku lokuqala,” kuchaza uLin.
UJulia Chan Lin, njengomyeni wakhe, ungumdwebi nothisha. Ngakho-ke lapho uLin ethola ithuba lokuvuselela umtapo wolwazi kanina wezincwadi zokufunda, wazizwa sengathi umklamo wezakhiwo wawuseduze kakhulu nekhaya.
“Akuvamile ukuthi uyithathe uye nayo ekhaya,” kusho uLin ngemuva kokuthi iSmith Nelson Library ivulwe kabusha ngo-2021.
Izithombe ezisembukisweni zibonisa isakhiwo selabhulali esinezitezi eziningi, esakhiwe ngengxube yamatshe endawo, ingilazi, insimbi kanye nokhuni, okuhambisana nefa lokwakha ngamatshe lekhampasi.
Ngaphezu kokuthola ugqozi efeni lokudala lomndeni wakhe elibuyela emuva ku-anti wakhe, imbongi edumile emhlabeni wonke uLin Huiyin, uMaya Lin uphinde amnike udumo ngokuchitha isikhathi edlala ngaphandle ngenkathi ehlola indawo eseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Ohio.
Injabulo ayithola emagqumeni, emifudlaneni, emahlathini nasemagqumeni ngemuva kwekhaya lakhe e-Ohio yagcwalisa konke ubuntwana bakhe.
"Ngokuphathelene nobuciko, ngingangena engqondweni yami ngenze noma yini engiyifunayo futhi ngikhululeke ngokuphelele. Kubuyela emuva ezimpandeni zami e-Athens, e-Ohio, izimpande zami emvelweni kanye nendlela engizizwa ngixhumene ngayo nendawo engizungezile. ukuze ngiphefumulelwe yizwe lemvelo futhi ngibonise lobo buhle kwabanye abantu," kusho uLin engxoxweni yevidiyo.
Amamodeli akhe amaningi kanye nemiklamo yakhe iveza izinto ezixhumene zemvelo, izilwane zasendle, isimo sezulu kanye nobuciko, ezinye zazo ezivezwe embukisweni.
Isithombe sikaLin esenziwe ngobuciko senyamazane encane yesiliva sango-1976 sihambisana nesithombe sikaLyn sikaGroundswell sango-1993, esadalwa e-Ohio, lapho akhetha khona amathani angu-45 engilazi yokuphepha ephukile ephinde yasetshenziswa ngenxa yombala wayo. Ukugoba ensimini eNew Zealand nezithombe zencazelo kaLinh yoMfula iHudson esebenzisa insimbi. Ngayinye iyisibonelo esivelele somsebenzi onakekela imvelo uLin asebenze kanzima ukuwudala.
ULin uthe waqala ukuthanda ukuvikelwa kwemvelo esemncane, yingakho azibophezele ekwakheni isikhumbuzo sikaMama Wemvelo.
Manje leso sithembiso siyachuma kulokho uMoss akubiza ngokuthi isikhumbuzo semvelo sakamuva sikaRingling: uchungechunge olusekelwe kwisayensi olubizwa ngokuthi “Yini Engekho?”
Lo msebenzi we-multimedia wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu onamakhasi amaningi uyingxenye exhumanayo yombukiso lapho izivakashi zingaqopha khona izinkumbulo zezindawo ezikhethekile ezilahlekile ngenxa yomonakalo wemvelo bese zizifaka kumakhadi e-vinyl.
“Wayenesithakazelo esikhulu ekuqoqeni idatha, kodwa wabe esenikeza nolwazi ngalokho esingakwenza ukushintsha indlela yethu yokuphila nokuvimbela umonakalo emvelweni,” kuqhubeka uMoss. “NjengeSikhumbuzo SamaVeterans aseVietnam kanye neSikhumbuzo Samalungelo Omphakathi, waxhumana nomuntu siqu ngozwela, futhi wasenzela leli khadi lesikhumbuzo ukuze silikhumbule.”
Ngokusho kukaFrida Lee Mok, umqondisi wedokhumentari eyawina umklomelo ka-1994 ethi Maya Lin: Powerful Clear Vision, imiklamo kaLin mihle futhi iyamangaza, futhi umsebenzi ngamunye kaLin ubonisa ukuzwela okukhulu komongo nendawo ezungezile yemvelo.
“Uyamangalisa nje futhi uma ucabanga ngalokho akwenzayo, ukwenza buthule nangendlela yakhe,” kusho uMock. “Akafuni ukunakwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu beza kuye ngoba bazi ukuthi uzosebenzisa ithuba kanye nethalente, ithalente analo, futhi kulokho engikubonile, sonke sikubonile. , kuzoba kuhle kakhulu. .
Phakathi kwalabo abeze ukuzombona kwakukhona noMengameli wangaphambilini uBarack Obama, owathuma uLean ekuqaleni kwalonyaka ukuba aqophe indawo yobuciko, i-Seeing Through the Universe, yezingadi zeChicago Presidential Library and Museum yakhe. Lo msebenzi unikezelwe kunina, u-Ann Dunham. Ukufakwa kukaLean, umthombo ophakathi neGarden of Tranquility, "kuzobamba [umama] njenganoma yini enye," kusho u-Obama, omunye umuntu, ozwelayo, futhi odalwe yilo mdwebi odumile.
Isikhathi Sokuphila: Ihlathi LaseMaya lizovulelwa umphakathi eNational Portrait Gallery ngomhlaka-16 Ephreli 2023.
UBriana A. Thomas ungusomlando, intatheli, kanye nomqondisi wezivakashi ohlala eWashington, DC, ogxile ezifundweni zabantu abansundu baseMelika. Ungumbhali we-Black Broadway, incwadi yomlando wabantu abansundu eWashington, DC
© 2022 Isitatimende Sobumfihlo se-Smithsonian Magazine Inqubomgomo Yamakhukhi Imigomo Yokusebenzisa Isaziso Sokukhangisa Phatha Idatha Yami Izilungiselelo Zamakhukhi
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-28-2022
