Maya Lin wapereka ntchito yake ya zaka zoposa 40 popanga zaluso zomwe zimapangitsa owonera kuchitapo kanthu kapena, monga momwe akunenera, zimapangitsa anthu "kusiya kuganiza ndikumva".
Kuyambira pa ntchito zake zoyambirira za zojambulajambula zodabwitsa m'chipinda chake chogona cha ku Ohio ali mwana, mpaka mapulojekiti ambiri akuluakulu, zipilala ndi zokumbukira zomwe adazipeza kwa zaka makumi ambiri, kuphatikizapo chifaniziro cha anthu onse cha Yale "Thebulo Lodyera la Akazi, Lahn." Laibulale ya Ston Hughes ku Tennessee, malo oimikapo Haunted Forest ku New York, nsanja ya belu ya mamita 60 ku Guangdong, China, kukongola kwa Lin kumayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga mgwirizano wamalingaliro pakati pa ntchito yake ndi wowonera.
Mu kuyankhulana kwa kanema, "Maya Lin, In Her Own Words," kopangidwa ndi National Portrait Gallery ya Smithsonian Institution, Lin adati pali njira ziwiri zogwirizanirana ndi ntchito yolenga: imodzi ndi yanzeru ndipo inayo ndi yamaganizo, yomwe amakonda Njira Yopezera Zinthu.
"Zili ngati, siyani kuganiza ndi kungomva. Zili ngati mukuzimwa kudzera pakhungu lanu. Mumazimwa kwambiri pamlingo wamaganizo, kutanthauza, pamlingo womvera chisoni," akutero Lim ponena za momwe amaganizira za chitukuko cha luso lake. Nenaninso. "Chifukwa chake chomwe ndikuchita ndikuyesera kukhala ndi kukambirana kwachinsinsi kwambiri ndi omvera."
Lin wakhala akuchita bwino kwambiri popanga zokambirana kuyambira pomwe adayamba ntchito yake mu 1981, akuphunzira zomangamanga ku Yale University. alley ku Washington, DC.
Masomphenya odabwitsa a Lin pa chikumbutsochi poyamba adatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi magulu a asilikali akale ndi ena, kuphatikizapo mamembala a Congress omwe kale ankakonda kalembedwe kachikhalidwe. Koma wophunzira wa zomangamanga sanasinthe maganizo ake pa mapulani ake.
Robert Doubek, mkulu wa pulogalamu ku Vietnam Veterans Memorial, anati akuyamikira kudzidalira kwa Lin ndipo akukumbukira momwe wophunzira wachinyamata "wodabwitsa kwambiri" adadziyimira yekha pa zokambirana za bungwe ndikuteteza kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake. Masiku ano, chikumbutso chooneka ngati V chimakondwereredwa kwambiri, ndi alendo opitilira 5 miliyoni pachaka, ambiri mwa iwo amachiona ngati ulendo wopita kukachisi ndipo amasiya makalata ang'onoang'ono, mendulo, ndi zithunzi pokumbukira mabanja awo ndi abwenzi awo omwe atayika.
Kuyambira pomwe adayamba ntchito yake yodziwika bwino, wojambulayu wapitilizabe kudabwitsa mafani, ojambula anzake, komanso atsogoleri adziko lonse lapansi ndi zodabwitsa zake.
Mu 2016, Purezidenti Barack Obama adapatsa Lyn Mendulo ya Ufulu wa Purezidenti chifukwa cha ntchito yake yabwino kwambiri ya zaluso ndi zomangamanga m'magawo a ufulu wa anthu, ufulu wa anthu, komanso kuwononga chilengedwe.
Lining, yemwe amakonda kubisa zambiri za moyo wake wamkati ndipo amapewa atolankhani, kuphatikizapo Smithsonian Magazine, tsopano ndi mutu wa chiwonetsero cha moyo wake choperekedwa kwa wopanga ndi wosema ziboliboli. "One Life: Maya Lin" ku National Portrait Gallery ya Smithsonian Institution imakuphunzitsani za ntchito ya Lin yomwe ikusintha, yokhala ndi zithunzi zambiri za banja ndi zokumbukira kuyambira ali mwana, komanso mndandanda wa zitsanzo za 3D, mabuku ojambulira, zojambula, ziboliboli, ndi zithunzi zomwe zimamuwonetsa moyo. Njira ya wojambulayo ndiyo yopangira mapangidwe ena odziwika bwino.
Dorothy Moss, wokonza ziwonetsero, anati anakumana koyamba ndi Lin pamene nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale inayamba kupereka zithunzi za wojambulayo polemekeza zopereka zake ku mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe, zaluso ndi zomangamanga ku America. Ziboliboli zazing'ono za 3D zomwe zinapangidwa ndi wojambula Karin Sander mu 2014 — zojambula zamitundu ya Lin, yemwe adapanga zithunzi za 2D ndi 3D zomwe sizinali zachikhalidwe, zomwe zidatenga zithunzi mamiliyoni ambiri za malo ozungulira wojambulayo — zikuwonetsedwanso.
Kumva kuti Lin ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumawonekera pachithunzi cha Sander. Lin akunena kuti lingaliro ili la moyo m'njira zosiyana limapezeka m'mabuku ake ambiri.
"Mwina chifukwa cha cholowa changa cha Kum'mawa ndi Kumadzulo, kupanga zinthu zomwe zili m'malire; kodi iyi ndi sayansi? Kodi ndi zaluso? Kodi ndi Kum'mawa? Kodi ndi Kumadzulo? Kodi ndi zolimba kapena zamadzimadzi?" Lin Zai adatero poyankhulana ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
Moss anati anayamba chidwi ndi nkhani ya Lin ataphunzira za cholowa cha banja la wojambulayo komanso momwe anakulira m'banja lokhalo lachi China m'derali. "Mukudziwa, ndinayamba kuganiza kuti popeza ndine mwana wamkazi wa anthu awiri ochokera ku China omwe anakulira kumidzi ku Ohio, zingakhale bwino kumufotokozera nkhani yake kenako n'kupitiriza ntchito yabwinoyi. Umu ndi momwe ndinamupezera," adatero Moh.
"Ndife banja logwirizana kwambiri ndipo nawonso ndi banja la anthu othawa kwawo ndipo amasiya zinthu zambiri. China? "Sanatchulepo," adatero Lin, koma anamva "kusiyana" mwa makolo ake.
Chiwonetsero cha One Life, chomwe chinachitika mu 2006, ndi chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero zoyambirira za anthu otchuka kuphatikizapo Dolores Huerta, Babe Ruth, Marian Anderson, ndi Sylvia Plath, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero zoyambirira za nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zomwe zinaperekedwa kwa anthu aku Asia aku America.
"Momwe takonzera chiwonetsero cha Moyo Wonse ndi nthawi yake, kotero mutha kuwona ubwana, zisonkhezero zoyambirira, ndi zopereka pakapita nthawi," adatero Moss.
Lin anabadwa mu 1959 kwa Henry Huang Lin ndi Julia Chang Lin. Bambo ake anasamukira ku United States m'ma 1940 ndipo anakhala woumba mbiya waluso ataphunzira za mbiya ku University of Washington komwe anakumana ndi mkazi wake Julia. M'chaka chomwe Lin anabadwa, anasamukira ku Athens. Henry anaphunzitsa za mbiya ku Ohio University ndipo pamapeto pake anakhala mkulu wa Sukulu ya Zaluso. Chiwonetserochi chili ndi ntchito yopanda dzina ya abambo ake.
Lin adauza nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kuti luso la abambo ake linamukhudza kwambiri. "Mbale iliyonse yomwe timadya imapangidwa ndi iwo: zoumba zadothi zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe, mitundu yachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina. Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku uli wodzaza ndi zokongola zoyera, zamakono, komanso nthawi yomweyo zofunda kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa ine. Mphamvu yayikulu."
Zinthu zakale zochokera ku zaluso zamakono nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa mu nyimbo ndi zinthu za Lin. Kuyambira pa chitsanzo chake chouziridwa ndi dzuwa cha Alabama Civil Rights Memorial cha 1987 mpaka zojambula za mapulojekiti akuluakulu omanga ndi a boma, monga kukonzanso nyumba yakale ya Smith College Library ya 1903 ku Northampton, Massachusetts, alendo obwera ku chiwonetserochi amatha kuwona momwe Lin amasonyezera luso lake lakumaloko.
Lin akukumbukira zida zolimbikitsira zomwe adalandira kuchokera ku mphamvu ya makolo ake, kuchokera kwa abambo ake, mphamvu ya chikhulupiriro, ndi kuchokera kwa amayi ake, omwe adamulimbikitsa kutsatira zomwe amakonda. Malinga ndi iye, iyi ndi mphatso yosowa kwa atsikana.
"Makamaka, amayi anga anandipatsa mphamvu zenizeni chifukwa ntchito inali yofunika kwambiri kwa iwo. Anali wolemba. Ankakonda kuphunzitsa ndipo ndimamva ngati kuti kunandipatsa mphamvu imeneyo kuyambira tsiku loyamba," adatero Lin.
Julia Chan Lin, monga mwamuna wake, ndi wojambula komanso mphunzitsi. Choncho Lin atapeza mwayi wosintha laibulale ya amayi ake ya alma mater, adamva kuti kapangidwe kake ka nyumba kanali pafupi ndi kwawo.
"Sizimachitika kawirikawiri kuti mupite nazo kunyumba," adatero Lin Laibulale ya Smith Nelson itatsegulidwanso mu 2021.
Zithunzi zomwe zili mu chiwonetserochi zikuwonetsa nyumba ya laibulale yokhala ndi zipinda zambiri, yomwe imapangidwa ndi miyala ya m'deralo, galasi, chitsulo ndi matabwa, zomwe zimawonjezera cholowa cha zomangamanga za pasukulupo.
Kuwonjezera pa kupeza chilimbikitso kuchokera ku cholowa cha luso cha banja lake kuyambira kwa azakhali ake, wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka padziko lonse Lin Huiyin, Maya Lin amamuyamikiranso chifukwa chosewera panja akufufuza dera la kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Ohio.
Chisangalalo chomwe anapeza m'mapiri, mitsinje, nkhalango, ndi mapiri kumbuyo kwa nyumba yake ku Ohio chinadzaza ubwana wake wonse.
"Ponena za zaluso, ndimatha kulowa m'mutu mwanga ndikuchita chilichonse chomwe ndikufuna ndikumasulidwa kwathunthu. Zimabwerera ku mizu yanga ku Athens, Ohio, mizu yanga m'chilengedwe komanso momwe ndimamvera kuti ndili wolumikizidwa ndi malo ozungulira. kuti ndizilimbikitsidwa ndi chilengedwe ndikuwonetsa kukongola kumeneko kwa anthu ena," adatero Lin mu kuyankhulana kwa kanema.
Ma model ndi mapangidwe ake ambiri amasonyeza zinthu zogwirizana za chilengedwe, nyama zakuthengo, nyengo ndi zaluso, zomwe zina mwa izo zikuwonetsedwa pachiwonetserochi.
Chifaniziro cha Lin chopangidwa mwaluso cha nswala yaing'ono yasiliva ya mu 1976 chikugwirizana ndi chithunzi cha Lyn cha mu 1993 cha Groundswell, chomwe chinapangidwa ku Ohio, momwe anasankha matani 45 a galasi lotetezeka losweka chifukwa cha mtundu wake. Kupindika m'munda ku New Zealand ndi zithunzi za kutanthauzira kwa Linh kwa Mtsinje wa Hudson pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo. Chilichonse ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha ntchito yosamalira chilengedwe yomwe Lin wagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti apange.
Lin anati anayamba kukonda kwambiri kuteteza chilengedwe ali wamng'ono, ndichifukwa chake adadzipereka kumanga chikumbutso cha Amayi a Chilengedwe.
Tsopano lonjezo limenelo likufalikira mu zomwe Moss akutcha chikumbutso chaposachedwa cha chilengedwe cha Ringling: mndandanda wozikidwa pa sayansi wotchedwa “Kodi Chikusoweka Chiyani?”
Pulojekitiyi yokhala ndi masamba ambiri yolumikizirana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi gawo lolumikizana la chiwonetserochi komwe alendo amatha kujambula zokumbukira za malo apadera omwe adatayika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndikuziyika pamakhadi a vinyl.
“Iye anali ndi chidwi chosonkhanitsa deta, koma kenako anaperekanso chidziwitso cha zomwe tingachite kuti tisinthe moyo wathu ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe,” Moss adapitiliza. “Monga Vietnam Veterans Memorial ndi Civil Rights Memorial, adalumikizana ndi anthu kudzera mu chifundo, ndipo adapanga khadi ili loti tikumbukire.”
Malinga ndi Frida Lee Mok, mkulu wa filimu yodziwika bwino ya Maya Lin: Powerful Clear Vision yomwe idapambana mphoto mu 1994, mapangidwe a Lin ndi okongola komanso odabwitsa, ndipo ntchito iliyonse ya Lin ikuwonetsa chidwi chachikulu ndi malo ndi malo achilengedwe.
"Ndi wodabwitsa ndipo ukaganizira zomwe akuchita, amachita mwakachetechete komanso mwanjira yake," adatero Mock. "Sakufuna kuonedwa, koma nthawi yomweyo, anthu amabwera kwa iye chifukwa amadziwa kuti adzagwiritsa ntchito mwayi ndi luso lake, luso lomwe ali nalo, ndipo kuchokera pa zomwe ndaona, tonse tawona. , zidzakhala zodabwitsa. .
Pakati pa omwe anabwera kudzamuona panali Purezidenti wakale Barack Obama, yemwe adalamula Lean koyambirira kwa chaka chino kuti akaseme malo ojambulira zaluso, Seeing Through the Universe, m'minda ya Chicago Presidential Library and Museum. Ntchitoyi yaperekedwa kwa amayi ake, Ann Dunham. Kuyika kwa Lean, kasupe pakati pa Munda wa Utonthozo, "kudzagwira [amayi anga] mofanana ndi china chilichonse," adatero Obama, cholengedwa china chaumunthu, chomvera, komanso chachilengedwe chopangidwa ndi wojambula wotchuka.
Moyo Wonse: Nkhalango ya Maya idzatsegulidwa kwa anthu onse ku National Portrait Gallery pa Epulo 16, 2023.
Briana A. Thomas ndi katswiri wa mbiri yakale, mtolankhani, komanso wotsogolera alendo wokhala ku Washington, DC, yemwe amadziwika bwino ndi maphunziro a anthu aku America. Iye ndi wolemba Black Broadway, buku la mbiri yakale ya anthu akuda ku Washington, DC.
© 2022 Chikalata Chachinsinsi cha Magazini ya Smithsonian Ndondomeko ya Ma cookie Migwirizano Yogwiritsira Ntchito Chidziwitso Chotsatsa Sinthani Deta Yanga Zokonda za Ma cookie
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-28-2022
