Neke atu i te 40 tau a Maya Lin e mahi ana i tana mahi toi hei waihanga i ngā mahi toi hei whakaoho i te aro o te kaimātakitaki, hei "mutu i te whakaaro, engari me te rongo noa".
Mai i āna kaupapa toi hou i roto i tōna rūma moe auaha i Ohio i a ia e tamariki ana, tae atu ki ngā kaupapa nunui, ngā whakamaharatanga me ngā taonga whakamaumahara i hangaia i roto i ngā tekau tau, tae atu ki te whakairo tūmatanui a Yale "Women's Dining Table, Lahn." Ko te Whare Pukapuka a Ston Hughes i Tennessee, ko te whakaurunga Haunted Forest i New York, ko te pourewa pere 60-putu te teitei i Guangdong, Haina, e arotahi ana te ataahua a Lin ki te waihanga i tētahi taunekeneke kare ā-roto i waenga i āna mahi me te kaimātakitaki.
I roto i tētahi uiuinga ataata, "Maya Lin, In Her Own Words," i hangaia e te National Portrait Gallery o te Smithsonian Institution, i kī a Lin e rua ngā huarahi hei hono atu ki te mahi auaha: ko tētahi he hinengaro, ko tētahi he hinengaro, ā, ko tana e pai ake ai ko te Ara o te Kitenga.
"He rite ki te mea, kati te whakaaro, engari me te rongo noa. Me te mea kei te mimiti koe i roto i tō kiri. Ka mimiti ake koe i te taumata hinengaro, arā, i te taumata aroha," te kī a Lim mō tana whakaaro mō te whanaketanga o tana toi. Kōrerohia mai. "Nō reira, ko taku mahi he ngana ki te whai kōrero whaiaro me te hunga mātakitaki."
Kua tino matatau a Lin ki te waihanga kōrero mai i tana tīmatanga i te tau 1981, i a ia e ako ana i te hoahoanga i Te Whare Wānanga o Yale. he ara i Washington, DC.
I te tīmatanga, i whakahēngia te moemoeā whakamiharo a Lin mō te whakamaharatanga e ngā rōpū hōia me ētahi atu, tae atu ki ngā mema o te Runanga i aro atu ki te momo kāhua tuku iho. Engari i mau tonu te tauira hoahoa i roto i ana whakaaro hoahoa.
I kī a Robert Doubek, te kaiwhakahaere kaupapa i te Whakamaharatanga Hōia o Vietnam, e mihi ana ia ki te whakapono o Lin ki a ia anō, ā, e maumahara ana ki te tūnga o te tauira taitamariki "tino whakamiharo" mōna ake i roto i ngā whiriwhiringa whakahaere me te tiaki i te pono o tana hoahoa. I tēnei rā, e whakanuia whānuitia ana te whakamaharatanga āhua-V, neke atu i te 5 miriona manuhiri ia tau, he tokomaha o rātou e whakaaro ana he haerenga tapu, ā, e waiho ana i ngā reta iti, i ngā mētara, me ngā whakaahua hei maumaharatanga ki ō rātou whānau me ngā hoa kua ngaro.
Mai anō i te tīmatanga o tana mahi ki te marea, kua miharo tonu te kaitoi paionia ki ana kaiwhaiwhai, ki ōna hoa kaitoi, tae atu ki ngā kaiārahi o te ao ki ana mahi whakamiharo.
I te tau 2016, i whakawhiwhia e te Perehitini Barack Obama ki a Lyn te Mētara Herekore a te Perehitini mō āna mahi toi me te hoahoanga tino pai i roto i ngā mara o ngā tika tangata, ngā tika tangata, me te tiaki taiao.
Ko Lining, e pai ake ana ki te huna i te nuinga o tōna oranga ā-roto, ā, e karo ana i ngā pāpāho, tae atu ki te Smithsonian Magazine, kei te whakaatuhia inaianei he whakaaturanga kōrero mō te kaihoahoa me te kaiwhakairo. "Kotahi te Ora: Maya Lin" i te National Portrait Gallery o te Smithsonian Institution ka ārahi i a koe i roto i te whanaketanga o te mahi a Lin, e whakaatu ana i ngā whakaahua whānau me ngā taonga maumahara mai i tōna tamarikitanga, me te kohinga tauira 3D, pukapuka tātuhi, tuhi, whakairo, me ngā whakaahua e whakaatu ana i a ia. he oranga. Ko te huarahi a te kaitoi kei muri i ētahi hoahoa whakamiharo.
I kī a Dorothy Moss, te kaiwhakahaere o te whakaaturanga, i tūtaki tuatahi ia ki a Lin i te wā i tīmata ai te whare taonga ki te tono whakaahua o te kaitoi hei whakanui i ana takoha ki te hītori, te ahurea, te toi me te hoahoanga o Amerika. Kei te whakaatuhia hoki ngā whakairo 3D iti i hangaia e te kaitoi a Karin Sander i te tau 2014 — he karapa tae o Lin, nāna i hanga ngā tānga 2D me te 3D rerekē, me te tango miriona whakaahua o te taiao o te kaitoi.
Kei roto i te whakaahua a Sander te kare ā-roto e kitea ana a Lin kei te taha tonu. E ai ki a Lin, ko tēnei tirohanga ki te ao i roto i ngā mea rerekē e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te nuinga o āna tuhinga.
"Tērā pea nā tōku whakapapa mai i te Rawhiti ki te Hauāuru, te hanga mea i te rohe; he pūtaiao tēnei? he toi? nō te Rawhiti? nō te Hauāuru? he totoka, he wai rānei?" te kī a Lin Zai i roto i tētahi uiuinga ki te whare taonga.
I kī a Moss i tīmata tana hiahia ki te kōrero mō Lin i muri i tana rongonga mō te whānau o te kaitoi me tōna tipu ake i roto i te whānau Hainamana kotahi i te takiwa. "Kei te mōhio koe, ka tīmata ahau ki te whakaaro, hei tamāhine mā ngā manene Hainamana tokorua i tipu ake i te taiwhenua o Ohio, he mea pai ki te kōrero i tana kōrero, kātahi ka whai i tēnei mahi whakamiharo. Koinei te huarahi i tūtaki ai ahau ki a ia," te kī a Moh.
"He whānau piripono mātou, ā, he whānau manene noa iho rātou, ā, he maha ngā taonga e mahue iho ana i a rātou. Ko Haina? "Kāore rātou i kōrero mō tēnei," te kī a Lin, engari i kite ia i tētahi kare "rerekē" i roto i ōna mātua.
He wāhanga o te raupapa o te tau 2006 mō ngā oranga o ngā whetu rongonui tae atu ki a Dolores Huerta, Babe Ruth, Marian Anderson, me Sylvia Plath, ko te whakaaturanga One Life te whakaaturanga tuatahi o te whare taonga i whakatapua ki ngā Amerikana Āhia.
"Ko te āhua o te whakatakotoranga o te whakaaturanga Lifetime he rite tonu ki te wā o te hītori, kia taea ai e koe te titiro ki te tamarikitanga, ngā awe o mua, me ngā takoha i roto i te wā," te kī a Moss.
I whānau mai a Lin i te tau 1959 ki a Henry Huang Lin rāua ko Julia Chang Lin. I heke mai tōna matua ki te Hononga o Amerika i ngā tau 1940, ā, i muri i tana ako i te mahi uku i Te Whare Wānanga o Washington, ka tūtaki ia ki tana wahine, ki a Julia. I te tau i whānau ai a Lin, ka neke rāua ki Ātene. I whakaako a Henry i te mahi uku i Te Whare Wānanga o Ohio, ā, i te mutunga ka noho ko ia te tumuaki o te Kura Toi Ataahua. Kei roto i te whakaaturanga tētahi mahi toi kāore anō kia whakahuatia te taitara a tōna matua.
I kōrero a Lin ki te whare taonga he nui te awe o ngā mahi toi a tōna pāpā ki a ia. "Ko ia peihana e kainga ana e mātou, nā ia i hanga: ngā uku e pā ana ki te taiao, ngā tae me ngā rauemi taiao. Nō reira, ki taku whakaaro, e kī ana tō mātou oranga o ia rā i tēnei āhua ataahua tino ma, hou, engari i te wā kotahi he tino mahana, he mea tino nui ki ahau. He pānga nui."
Ko ngā awe tōmua mai i ngā toi hou iti nei ka whatua ki roto i ngā tito me ngā taonga a Lin. Mai i tana tauira i ahu mai i te rā o te Whakamaharatanga mō ngā Tika Tangata o Alabama i te tau 1987 ki ngā tuhi mō ngā kaupapa hoahoanga me ngā kaupapa ā-iwi nui, pērā i te whakahoutanga o te whare pukapuka hītori o te Kāreti Smith i Northampton, Massachusetts i te tau 1903, ka taea e ngā manuhiri ki te whakaaturanga te wheako i ngā whakaaturanga hohonu a Lin mō ngā tikanga ā-rohe.
E maumahara ana a Lin ki ngā taputapu whakamana i whakawhiwhia ki a ia mai i te awe o ōna mātua, mai i tōna pāpā, te mana nui o te whakapono, me tōna whaea, nāna ia i whakatenatena kia whai i ōna wawata. E ai ki a ia, he taonga onge tēnei mō ngā wāhine taitamariki.
"Nā tōku whaea ahau i tino kaha ai, nā te mea he mea nui ki a ia te mahi. He kaituhi ia. I aroha ia ki te whakaako, ā, i tino kite ahau i homai taua kaha ki ahau mai i te rā tuatahi," te whakamārama a Lin.
He kaitoi, he kaiako hoki a Julia Chan Lin, pērā i tana tāne. Nō reira, i te wā i whai wāhi ai a Lin ki te whakahou i te whare pukapuka kura o tōna whaea, i whakaaro ia he tata tonu te hoahoa whare ki tōna kāinga.
"He onge te wā ka taea te kawe ki te kāinga," te kī a Lin i muri i te whakatuwheratanga anō o te Whare Pukapuka o Smith Nelson i te tau 2021.
Ko ngā whakaahua o te whakaaturanga e whakaatu ana i te whare maha-taumata o te whare pukapuka, he mea hanga ki te ranunga o te kōhatu o te rohe, te karāhe, te whakarewa me te rakau, hei whakakī i te taonga tuku iho o te kāreti.
Haunga te whakaaweawe mai i te taonga tuku iho auaha o tōna whānau mai i tōna whaea kēkē, te kaitito rongonui o te ao, a Lin Huiyin, e kī ana a Maya Lin i a ia mō te wā i noho ai ia ki te tākaro i waho i a ia e tūhura ana i te rohe tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Ohio.
I whakakīia tōna tamarikitanga katoa e ngā harikoa i kitea e ia i ngā pukepuke, i ngā awa, i ngā ngahere, me ngā puke i muri i tōna kāinga i Ohio.
"Mō te toi, ka taea e au te tomo ki roto i tōku hinengaro, te mahi i taku e pai ai, ā, ka tino wātea ahau. Ka hoki anō ki ōku pūtake i Athens, Ohio, ōku pūtake i te taiao me te āhua o tōku hononga ki te taiao, kia whakaaweawehia ahau e te ao tūroa, kia whakaata hoki i taua ataahua ki ētahi atu tāngata," te kī a Lin i roto i tētahi uiuinga ataata.
He maha āna tauira me āna hoahoa e whakaatu ana i ngā hononga o te taiao, te kararehe mohoao, te āhuarangi me te toi, ā, ko ētahi o ēnei kei roto i te whakaaturanga.
Ko te whakairo a Lin i hangaia ātaahua o tētahi tia hiriwa iti mai i te tau 1976 e tautoko ana i te whakaahua a Lyn i te tau 1993 o Groundswell, i hangaia ki Ohio, i reira i whiriwhiria ai e ia he 45 tana o te karāhe haumaru pakaru kua hangarua nā tōna tae. He kopa i roto i tētahi mara i Aotearoa me ngā whakaahua o te whakamaoritanga a Linh o te Awa o Hudson mā te whakamahi i te maitai. He tauira tino pai ia o te mahi ā-taiao i kaha ai a Lin ki te waihanga.
I kī a Lin i te tamarikitanga i tipu ake tōna ngākau nui ki te tiaki i te taiao, koia i whakapau kaha ai ia ki te hanga i tētahi tohu whakamaumahara ki a Papatūānuku.
Kei te puāwai taua kupu whakaari i roto i te mea e kiia nei e Moss ko te whakamaharatanga taiao hou a Ringling: he raupapa pūtaiao e kīia ana ko "What's Missing?"
He wāhanga taunekeneke tēnei kaupapa pāpāho maha-whārangi e pā ana ki te huringa āhuarangi, ā, ka taea e ngā manuhiri te tuhi i ngā maharatanga o ngā wāhi motuhake i ngaro nā te kino o te taiao, ka whakapiri atu ki ngā kāri winīru.
"I tino hiahia ia ki te kohikohi raraunga, engari i muri mai ka whakaratohia e ia he kōrero mō ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei whakarerekē i tō tātou āhua noho me te aukati i te kino ki te taiao," te kōrero tonu a Moss. "Pērā i te Whakamaharatanga Hōia o Vietnam me te Whakamaharatanga Mō Ngā Tika Tangata, i hanga e ia he hononga whaiaro mā te aroha, ā, i hanga e ia tēnei kāri whakamaumahara hei maumahara mā tātou."
E ai ki a Frida Lee Mok, te kaiwhakahaere o te kiriata Maya Lin: Powerful Clear Vision, he kiriata rongonui i te tau 1994, he tino ataahua, he tino mīharo hoki ngā hoahoa a Lin, ā, e whakaatu ana ia mahi a Lin i te tino aro ki te horopaki me te taiao.
"He tino mīharo ia, ā, ki te whakaarohia e koe tāna mahi, ka mahi puku ia i tana ake ara," te kī a Mock. "Kāore ia e rapu ana i te aro, engari i te wa ano, ka haere mai te iwi ki a ia nā te mea e mōhio ana rātou ka whakamahia e ia te whai wāhitanga me te taranata, te taranata kei a ia, ā, mai i taku i kite ai, kua kite katoa tātou. , ka tino mīharo..."
I roto i te hunga i tae mai ki te kite i a ia ko te Perehitini o mua a Barack Obama, nāna i tono a Lean i te tīmatanga o tēnei tau ki te whakairo i tētahi whakaaturanga toi, ko Seeing Through the Universe, mō ngā māra o tana Whare Pukapuka me te Whare Taonga Perehitini o Chicago. He mea whakatapua te mahi ki tōna whaea, ki a Ann Dunham. Ko te whakaaturanga a Lean, he puna wai kei waenganui o te Māra o te Atawhai, "ka hopukina [tōku whaea] rite tonu ki tētahi atu mea," te kī a Obama, he mea hanga tangata, he mea aro, he mea hanga taiao nā te kaitoi rongonui.
Ka tuwhera te A Lifetime: The Maya Forest ki te marea i te National Portrait Gallery i te 16 o Paenga-whāwhā, 2023.
He kaituhi hītori, he kairīpoata, he kaiārahi tūruhi hoki a Briana A. Thomas nō Washington, DC, e tohunga ana ki ngā rangahau Āwherika-Amerika. Ko ia te kaituhi o Black Broadway, he pukapuka hītori mangu nō Washington, DC.
© 2022 Smithsonian Magazine Tauākī Tūmataiti Kaupapahere Pihikete Ngā Ture Whakamahi Pānui Pānui Whakahaere i Aku Raraunga Ngā Tautuhinga Pihikete
Wā tuku: Hakihea-28-2022
