Maya Lin etinyela ọrụ ya afọ 40+ n'ịmepụta ihe osise nke na-eme ka onye na-ekiri ya meghachi omume ma ọ bụ, dịka o si kwuo, mee ka ndị mmadụ "kwụsị iche echiche ma nwee mmetụta".
Site na ọrụ mbụ ya nke ihe osise dị egwu n'ime ụlọ ihi ụra Ohio ya dị ka nwata, ruo ọtụtụ nnukwu ọrụ, ihe ncheta na ihe ncheta emere n'ime ọtụtụ iri afọ, gụnyere ihe ọkpụkpụ ọha Yale "Tebụl Nri Ụmụ Nwanyị, Lahn." Ọbá Akwụkwọ Ston Hughes dị na Tennessee, ebe a na-etinye Haunted Forest na New York, ụlọ elu mgbịrịgba dị mita 60 na Guangdong, China, ịma mma Lin lekwasịrị anya n'ịmepụta mmekọrịta mmetụta uche n'etiti ọrụ ya na onye na-ekiri ya.
N'ajụjụ ọnụ vidiyo a gbara, "Maya Lin, N'okwu nke Ya," nke National Portrait Gallery nke Smithsonian Institution mepụtara, Lin kwuru na e nwere ụzọ abụọ isi metụta ọrụ okike: otu bụ ọgụgụ isi ebe nke ọzọ bụ uche, nke ọ na-ahọrọ Ụzọ Nchọpụta.
“Ọ dị ka, kwụsị iche echiche ma nwee mmetụta. Ọ dị ka ị na-amịkọrọ ya n'akpụkpọ ahụ gị. Ị na-amịkọrọ ya karịa n'ọkwa uche, ya bụ, n'ọkwa ọmịiko,” ka Lim kwuru gbasara otú o si eche echiche banyere mmepe nke nka ya. Kwuo ya azụ. “Ya mere, ihe m na-eme bụ ịnwa inwe mkparịta ụka dị n'etiti onwe na ndị na-ege ntị.”
Lin emeela nke ọma n'ịmepụta mkparịta ụka kemgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ya na 1981, na-amụ ihe gbasara ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Mahadum Yale. dị na Washington, DC.
Ndị otu ndị agha ochie na ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị otu Congress, ndị na-achọkarị ụdị omenala karịa, katọrọ ọhụụ Lin maka ncheta ahụ nke ọma. Mana nwa akwụkwọ na-amụ ihe owuwu ụlọ ahụ nọgidere na-enweghị mgbagha n'ebumnobi imewe ya.
Robert Doubek, onye nduzi mmemme na Vietnam Veterans Memorial, kwuru na ọ na-enwe mmasị n'obi ike Lin ma na-echeta otú nwa akwụkwọ ahụ si "dị oke egwu" guzoro ọtọ n'okwu nhazi ma chebe iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke imewe ya. Taa, a na-eme emume ncheta ahụ nke ụdị V, yana ihe karịrị nde mmadụ ise kwa afọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ewere ya dị ka njem nsọ ma na-ahapụ obere akwụkwọ ozi, ihe nrite, na foto iji cheta ezinụlọ na ndị enyi ha furu efu.
Kemgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ọha na eze, onye omenkà na-arụ ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ anọgidewo na-eju ndị na-akwado ya, ndị omenkà ibe ya, na ọbụna ndị isi ụwa anya site n'ihe ndị dị ịtụnanya o mere.
Na 2016, Onyeisiala Barack Obama nyere Lyn ihe nrite nke nnwere onwe nke Onyeisiala maka ọrụ nka na ihe owuwu ya pụrụ iche n'ihe gbasara ikike mmadụ, ikike obodo, na gburugburu ebe obibi.
Lining, onye na-ahọrọ izochi ihe dị ukwuu n'ime ndụ ya ma na-ezere mgbasa ozi, gụnyere Smithsonian Magazine, bụ ugbu a isiokwu nke ihe ngosi ndụ ndụ raara nye onye na-emepụta ihe na onye na-akpụ ihe. "Otu Ndụ: Maya Lin" na National Portrait Gallery nke Smithsonian Institution na-eduga gị n'ọrụ Lin na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-egosi ọtụtụ foto ezinụlọ na ihe ncheta site na nwata ya, yana nchịkọta nke ụdị 3D, akwụkwọ eserese, eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, na foto ndị na-egosi ya. ndụ. Ụzọ onye na-ese ihe si eme ihe bụ n'azụ ụfọdụ atụmatụ dị ịrịba ama.
Dorothy Moss, onye nhazi ihe ngosi ahụ, kwuru na ya zutere Lin na mbụ mgbe ụlọ ihe ngosi nka malitere ịnye foto nke onye omenkà ahụ iji sọpụrụ onyinye ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala, nka na ụlọ nke America. A na-egosikwa obere ihe oyiyi 3D nke onye omenkà Karin Sander mepụtara na 2014 - foto agba nke Lin, onye mere mbipụta 2D na 3D na-abụghị nke ọdịnala, na-ese ọtụtụ nde foto nke gburugburu onye omenkà ahụ - na ngosipụta.
Echiche nke na Lin nọ n'ọnụ ụzọ pụtara ìhè n'ihe osise Sander. Lin kwuru na echiche a banyere ndụ n'ụzọ dị iche iche ka a kọwara n'ọtụtụ n'ime ihe odide ya.
"Ma eleghị anya ọ bụ n'ihi ihe nketa m nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ-Ọdịda Anyanwụ, ime ihe n'ókèala; sayensị a ọ̀ bụ nka? Ọ̀ bụ Ọwụwa Anyanwụ? Ọ̀ bụ Ọdịda Anyanwụ? Ọ̀ bụ Ọdịda Anyanwụ? Ọ̀ bụ ihe siri ike ka ọ̀ bụ mmiri mmiri?" Lin Zai kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ụlọ ihe ngosi nka.
Moss kwuru na ọ malitere inwe mmasị n'akụkọ Lin mgbe ọ mụtara gbasara ihe nketa ezinụlọ onye omenkà ahụ na otu o si tolite n'ezinụlọ ndị China naanị n'ógbè ahụ. "Ị maara, amalitere m iche na dịka nwa nwanyị nke ndị China abụọ si mba ọzọ tolite na ime obodo Ohio, ọ ga-adị mma ịkọ akụkọ ya wee gaa n'ihu n'ọrụ a dị ebube. Otú ahụ ka m si zute ya," Moh kwuru.
“Anyị bụ ezinụlọ dị n'otu nke ukwuu, ha bụkwa ezinụlọ ndị si mba ọzọ bịa, ha na-ahapụkwa ọtụtụ ihe. Chaịna? “Ha ekwughị ya,” Lin kwuru, mana o nwere mmetụta “dị iche” n'ahụ ndị mụrụ ya.
Akụkụ nke usoro ihe ngosi nke afọ 2006 gbasara ndụ ndị ama ama dịka Dolores Huerta, Babe Ruth, Marian Anderson, na Sylvia Plath, ihe ngosi One Life bụ ihe ngosi mbụ nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka raara nye ndị Eshia America.
Moss kwuru, sị, "Ụzọ anyị si hazie ihe ngosi Lifetime bụ ihe dị ka oge gara aga, yabụ ị nwere ike ileba anya na nwata, mmetụta mbụ, na onyinye ka oge na-aga."
A mụrụ Lin n'afọ 1959 nye Henry Huang Lin na Julia Chang Lin. Nna ya kwagara mba Amerịka n'afọ 1940 wee ghọọ ọkpụite ọkachamara mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ịkpụ ite na Mahadum Washington ebe ọ zutere nwunye ya Julia. N'afọ a mụrụ Lin, ha kwagara Athens. Henry kụziri ite na Mahadum Ohio ma mechaa bụrụ onyeisi nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Nkà Ọma. Ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara ọrụ nna ya na-enweghị aha.
Lin gwara ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na ihe osise nna ya nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ahụ ya. "Ọ bụ ya mere efere ọ bụla anyị na-eri: seramiiki ndị metụtara okike, agba eke na ihe ndị e ji mee ya. Ya mere, echere m na ndụ anyị kwa ụbọchị jupụtara na ihe a dị ọcha, nke oge a, mana n'otu oge ahụ mara mma nke ukwuu, nke dị oke mkpa nye m. Mmetụta dị ukwuu."
Mmetụta mbụ sitere na nka ọgbara ọhụrụ nke obere ihe na-esonye na ihe ndị Lin dere na ihe ndị o ji mee ihe. Site na ihe nlereanya ya nke 1987 Alabama Civil Rights Memorial nke e ji anyanwụ dee ruo na eserese maka nnukwu ọrụ owuwu na obodo, dị ka nrụzigharị nke ụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke 1903 Smith College Library na Northampton, Massachusetts, ndị ọbịa bịara ihe ngosi ahụ nwere ike ịhụ ngosipụta miri emi nke usoro mpaghara Lin.
Lin chetara ngwa ọrụ inye ya ike sitere n'aka ndị mụrụ ya, site n'aka nna ya, onye nwere okwukwe siri ike, nakwa site n'aka nne ya, onye gbara ya ume ịchụso ihe na-agụ ya agụụ. Dịka o si kwuo, nke a bụ onyinye a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ụmụ agbọghọ.
“Kpamkpam, nne m nyere m ezigbo ike a n'ihi na ọrụ dị ya mkpa nke ukwuu. Ọ bụ onye edemede. Ọ hụrụ ịkụzi ihe n'anya, enwere m mmetụta na o nyere m ike ahụ site n'ụbọchị mbụ,” ka Lin kọwara.
Dịka di ya, Julia Chan Lin bụ onye omenkà na onye nkuzi. Ya mere, mgbe Lin nwetara ohere imelite ọbá akwụkwọ alma mater nke nne ya, o chere na imewe ụlọ ahụ dị nso n'ụlọ ya.
“Ọ na-esiri gị ike iburu ya laa,” ka Lin kwuru mgbe emepere ọbá akwụkwọ Smith Nelson na 2021.
Foto ndị dị n'ihe ngosi ahụ na-egosi ụlọ dị iche iche nke ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ, nke e ji ngwakọta nke nkume, iko, ígwè na osisi mee, nke na-eme ka ihe nketa ụlọ ahụ dịkwuo mma.
Na mgbakwunye na inweta mmụọ nsọ site n'ihe nketa okike nke ezinụlọ ya site n'aka nwanne nne ya, onye na-ede uri ama ama n'ụwa niile bụ Lin Huiyin, Maya Lin na-enyekwa ya otuto maka oge ọ na-egwuri egwu n'èzí mgbe ọ na-enyocha mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Ohio.
Ọṅụ ọ hụrụ n'ugwu, iyi, oke ọhịa, na ugwu dị n'azụ ụlọ ya na Ohio jupụtara n'oge ọ bụ nwata.
“N'ihe gbasara nka, enwere m ike ịbanye n'ime isi m wee mee ihe ọ bụla m chọrọ ma nwere onwe m kpamkpam. Ọ na-alaghachi azụ na mmalite m na Athens, Ohio, mgbọrọgwụ m n'okike na otú m si enwe njikọ na gburugburu ebe obibi m. ka ụwa eke wee kpalie m ma gosipụta ịma mma ahụ nye ndị ọzọ,” ka Lin kwuru na mkparịta ụka vidiyo.
Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nlereanya na imewe ya na-egosi ihe ndị jikọtara ọnụ nke okike, anụ ọhịa, ihu igwe na nka, ụfọdụ n'ime ha ka a na-egosi na ihe ngosi ahụ.
Ihe oyiyi Lin nke e ji nlezianya rụọ nke obere mgbada ọlaọcha nke afọ 1976 mere ka foto Lyn nke Groundswell nke afọ 1993, nke e kere na Ohio, nke o ji họrọ tọn 45 nke iko nchekwa gbajiri agbaji emegharịrị n'ihi agba ya. Mkpụkọ dị n'ọhịa na New Zealand na foto nke nkọwa Linh banyere Osimiri Hudson site na iji ígwè. Nke ọ bụla bụ ihe atụ pụrụ iche nke ọrụ Lin rụsiri ọrụ ike iji mepụta.
Lin kwuru na ọ malitere inwe mmasị maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi site na nwata, ọ bụ ya mere o ji kwe nkwa iwu ihe ncheta nye Nne Okike.
Ugbua nkwa ahụ na-eto nke ọma n'ihe Moss kpọrọ ihe ncheta gburugburu ebe obibi kachasị ọhụrụ nke Ringling: usoro sayensị nke akpọrọ "Gịnị Na-efu?"
Ọrụ mgbasa ozi mgbanwe ihu igwe a nke nwere ọtụtụ peeji bụ akụkụ mmekọrịta nke ihe ngosi ahụ ebe ndị ọbịa nwere ike idekọ ncheta nke ebe pụrụ iche furu efu n'ihi mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi ma tinye ha na kaadị vinyl.
“O nwere nnukwu mmasị n’ịchịkọta data, mana o nyekwara ozi gbasara ihe anyị nwere ike ime iji gbanwee ụdị ndụ anyị ma kwụsị mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi,” Moss gara n'ihu ikwu. “Dịka Ncheta Ndị Agha Vietnam na Ncheta Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ, o mere njikọ onwe onye site n'ọmịiko, o mekwara kaadị ncheta a ka anyị cheta.”
Dịka Frida Lee Mok, onye nduzi nke ihe nkiri 1994 nke meriri ihe nrite ahụ bụ Maya Lin: Powerful Clear Vision si kwuo, atụmatụ Lin mara mma ma na-adọrọ adọrọ, ọrụ Lin ọ bụla na-egosipụtakwa mmetụta dị oke njọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi.
“Ọ dị nnọọ mma, ma mgbe ị na-eche banyere ihe ọ na-eme, ọ na-eme ya n'olu dị jụụ na n'ụzọ nke ya,” ka Mock kwuru. “Ọ naghị achọ nlebara anya, mana n'otu oge ahụ, ndị mmadụ na-abịakwute ya n'ihi na ha maara na ọ ga-eji ohere ahụ na talent ahụ, talent ahụ o nwere mee ihe, sitekwa n'ihe m hụrụ, anyị niile ahụla. , ọ ga-adị egwu. .
N'ime ndị bịara ịhụ ya bụ onye bụbu onyeisiala Barack Obama, onye nyere Lean ọrụ na mbido afọ a ka ọ kpụọ ihe osise, Seeing Through the Universe, maka ubi nke ọbá akwụkwọ na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Chicago ya. Ọrụ a bụ nke nne ya, Ann Dunham, tinyere. Ndobe Lean, isi iyi dị n'etiti Ubi nke Ịdị jụụ, "ga-adọrọ [nne m] dịka ihe ọ bụla ọzọ," ka Obama kwuru, ihe okike ọzọ nke mmadụ, nke nwere mmetụta, na nke ebumpụta ụwa nke onye omenkà a ma ama.
Ndụ Ndụ: A ga-emepe ọhịa Maya maka ọha na eze na National Portrait Gallery na Eprel 16, 2023.
Briana A. Thomas bụ ọkammụta akụkọ ihe mere eme, onye nta akụkọ, na onye nduzi njem nke dị na Washington, DC, ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka. Ọ bụ ya dere akwụkwọ akụkọ Black Broadway, akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị ojii na Washington, DC.
© 2022 Magazin Smithsonian Nkwupụta Nzuzo Amụma Kuki Usoro Ojiji Ọkwa Mgbasa Ozi Jikwaa Ntọala Kuki Data M
Oge ozi: Disemba-28-2022
