1.Kupedzisa Dhizaini & Kugadzira Mould: Simbi isati yanyungudutswa, dhizaini yemenduru inofanira kushandurwa kuita mold chaiyo—iyi ndiyo nhanho yakakosha yekuona kuti yakarurama. Logo yemutengi, zvinyorwa, kana hunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, mascot yemarathon, chiratidzo chekambani) zvinogadziriswa zvedhijitari uye zvinoshandurwa kuita mold ye3D uchishandisa software yeCAD. Mainjiniya anogadzirisa dhizaini kuti ienderane ne "shrinkage" (simbi inodonha zvishoma painotonhora) uye anowedzera zvinhu zvidiki zvakaita se "draft angles" (sloped edges) kubatsira casting blank kuburitsa kubva mumold zviri nyore. Mold Fabrication, Iyo 3D model inoshandiswa kugadzira mold yesimbi (inowanzo gadzirwa neH13 hot-work die steel, iyo inodzivirira tembiricha yakakwira uye kumanikidzwa). Mold ine hafu mbiri: imwe ine "positive" (yakasimudzwa) ruzivo rwemenduru, uye imwe ine "negative" (recessed) cavity. Kune menduru dzine mativi maviri, hafu dzese dzemold dzine maburi akadzama. Mold Testing, Mold yekuyedza inogona kushandiswa kutanga kutarisa kana dhizaini ichipfuura zvakajeka—izvi zvinodzivirira kutambisa simbi pakugadzirwa kwakazara kusina kunaka.

2.Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu & Kunyungudutsa, Menduru dzeDie-cast dzinonyanya kushandisa "simbi dzisina ferrous" (simbi dzisina iron) nekuti dzinonyunguduka pakupisa kwakaderera uye dzinoyerera zvakanaka dzichipinda mumaforoma. Sarudzo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeidzi: Zinc Alloy: Sarudzo inonyanya kufarirwa—yakachipa, yakareruka, uye iri nyore kukanda. Ine pamusoro wakatsetseka unogamuchira plating (semuenzaniso, goridhe, sirivha) zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kupinda menduru dzepakati. Brass Alloy: Sarudzo yepamusoro-soro—ine kupenya kwesimbi kunodziya (hapana chikonzero chekukanda zvakanyanya) uye kugara kwenguva refu. Inowanzo shandiswa pamibairo yepamusoro-soro (semuenzaniso, lifetime achievement medals). Aluminum Alloy: Haiwanzo kushandiswa pamenduru (yakareruka zvakanyanya kuti inzwe "yakanyanya") asi inoshandiswa dzimwe nguva pamenduru dzezviitiko zvakakura, zvisingadhuri. Simbi inonyungudutswa muchoto pakupisa kuri pakati pe "380°C (zinc)" uye "900°C (brass)" kusvika yava mvura. Inobva yaseferwa kubvisa tsvina (senge tsvina kana oxide) inogona kukanganisa pamusoro pemenduru.

3.Kukanda Zvinhu Zvisina Kufa (Danho re"Kuumba")Apa ndipo panobva simbi isina chinhu. Kugadzirira Mould: Mahafu maviri emould yesimbi anobatanidzwa pamwe chete mumuchina we "die-casting" (ingava "hot-chamber" ye zinc, iyo inonyunguduka nekukurumidza, kana "cold-chamber" yebrass/aluminium, iyo inoda kupisa kwakanyanya). Mould inopfapfaidzwawo nemushonga wekusunungura (mafuta mashoma) kudzivirira simbi yakanyungudutswa kuti isanamire. Kubaya Simbi: Piston kana plunger inosundira simbi yakanyungudutswa mugomba remould nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (2,000–15,000 psi). Kumanikidzwa uku kunoita kuti simbi izadze zvese zvidiki zvemould—kunyangwe zvinyorwa zvidiki kana mitsetse mitete yekurerutsira. Kutonhodza & Kubvisa: Simbi inotonhora kwemasekonzi 10–30 (zvichienderana nehukuru) kusvika yaoma. Mould inozovhurika, uye pini diki ye ejector inosundira casting blank kunze. Padanho iri, blank ichiri ne "flash" (simbi yakatetepa, yakawandisa yakatenderedza mipendero) kubva panosangana mahafu emould.

4.Kuchekerera & Kupedzisa (Kuchenesa Nzvimbo Isina Chinhu)Kubvisa/Kucheka: Flash inobviswa uchishandisa muchina wekudzvanya (wekuodha zvakawanda) kana zvishandiso zvemaoko (zvemabhechi madiki). Danho iri rinoita kuti mipendero yemenduru ive yakatsetseka uye yakaenzana—hapana nzvimbo dzakapinza kana dzakakombama. Kukuya & Kupukuta: Nzvimbo isina chinhu inoputirwa nesandpaper yakatsetseka kuti inyatsotsvedzerera chero zvikanganiso pamusoro (semuenzaniso, mabhuru madiki anobva mukukanda). Kuti ipedzise kupenya, inopukutwa nevhiri rinopukutwa uye compound yekupukuta (semuenzaniso, rouge yekubwinya kwakaita segirazi).

5.Kushongedza Pamusoro (Kugadzira Menduru "Pop")Apa ndipo panowana menduru iyi ruvara rwayo, magadzirirwo, uye kuzivikanwa kwechiratidzo—maitiro akajairika anosanganisira:

Kuisa jira: Chivharo chinonyikwa mubhavhu remagetsi kuti chiwedzere chivharo chesimbi (semuenzaniso, goridhe, sirivha, nickel, brass yekare). Kuisa jira kunodzivirira menduru kubva kungura uye kunovandudza chitarisiko chayo (semuenzaniso, kuisa jira rebronze yekare kuti rive rakafanana nerekare).

Kuzadza Enamel: Kune menduru dzine mavara, enamel yakapfava kana yakaoma inoiswa panzvimbo dzakadzika dzechinhu chisina chinhu (uchishandisa sirinji kana stencil). Enamel yakapfava inoomeswa nemhepo uye ine pamusoro payo pakaita matete zvishoma; enamel yakaoma inobikwa pa800°C kuti iite girazi rakatsetseka.

Kudhinda/Kunyora: Ruzivo rwemunhu (semuenzaniso, mazita evanogamuchira, mazuva ezviitiko) runowedzerwa kuburikidza nekunyora nelaser (kuti zvive zvakarurama) kana kudhinda nesiriki-screen (kuti zvive nemavara akajeka).

6.Kuongorora Kwemhando Yepamusoro & Kuungana

Kuongorora Hunhu: Menduru yega yega inoongororwa kuti ione kana paine zvikanganiso—semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvisipo, mapurasitiki asina kuenzana, kana mabubble enamel. Chero zvidimbu zvisina kunaka zvinorambwa kana kugadziriswa patsva.

Kubatanidza (Kana Zvichidiwa): Kana menduru iine zvinhu zvinoshongedza (semuenzaniso ribhoni, chibatiso, kana keychain), izvi zvinonamirwa nemaoko kana nemichina. Semuenzaniso, ribhoni rinosungirirwa kumashure kwemenduru kuti zvive nyore kupfeka.