1.Kumaliza Kupanga & Kupanga Nkhungu: Chitsulo chilichonse chisanasungunuke, kapangidwe ka mendulo kayenera kusinthidwa kukhala nkhungu yeniyeni—iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti ndi yolondola. Chizindikiro cha kasitomala, zolemba, kapena zojambulajambula (monga mascot ya marathon, chizindikiro cha kampani) zimasinthidwa kukhala digito ndikusinthidwa kukhala chitsanzo cha 3D pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya CAD. Mainjiniya amasintha kapangidwe kake kuti kagwirizane ndi "kuchepa" (chitsulo chimachepa pang'ono chikazizira) ndikuwonjezera zinthu zazing'ono monga "ma ngodya otsetsereka" (m'mphepete mwake) kuti zithandize kutulutsa chopanda kanthu kuchokera ku nkhungu mosavuta. Kupanga Nkhungu, Chitsanzo cha 3D chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nkhungu yachitsulo (nthawi zambiri yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chotentha cha H13, chomwe chimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi kupanikizika). Nkhunguyo ili ndi magawo awiri: imodzi yokhala ndi tsatanetsatane "wabwino" (wokwezedwa) wa mendulo, ndipo inayo yokhala ndi "negative" (recessed). Pa mendulo ziwiri, magawo onse awiri a nkhungu adzakhala ndi mabowo atsatanetsatane. Kuyesa Nkhungu, Nkhungu yoyesera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyamba kuti ione ngati kapangidwe kake kasamutsidwa bwino—izi zimapewa kuwononga chitsulo popanga zinthu zonse zolakwika.

2.Kusankha Zinthu ndi Kusungunula, Mendulo zopangidwa ndi Die-cast nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito "zitsulo zopanda chitsulo" (zitsulo zopanda chitsulo) chifukwa zimasungunuka kutentha kochepa ndipo zimapita bwino mu nkhungu. Zosankha zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi: Zinc Alloy: Njira yotchuka kwambiri—yotsika mtengo, yopepuka, komanso yosavuta kuponyedwa. Ili ndi malo osalala omwe amatengera bwino ma plating (monga golide, siliva), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri kulowa m'ma mendulo apakatikati. Brass Alloy: Chosankha chapamwamba kwambiri—chili ndi kuwala kofunda, kwachitsulo (palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma plating olemera) komanso kulimba bwino. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphoto zapamwamba (monga, mendulo za kupambana kwa moyo wonse). Aluminiyamu Alloy: Sizofala pa mendulo (zopepuka kwambiri kuti munthu amve "monga" kwambiri) koma nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mendulo zazikulu, zotsika mtengo. Chitsulocho chimasungunuka mu ng'anjo kutentha pakati pa "380°C (zinc)" ndi "900°C (mkuwa)" mpaka chitakhala madzi. Kenako chimasefedwa kuti chichotse zonyansa (monga dothi kapena okusayidi) zomwe zingawononge pamwamba pa mendulo.

3.Kuponya Zinthu Mwachisawawa (Gawo la "Kupanga Zinthu")Apa ndi pomwe chitsulocho chimakhala chopanda mendulo. Kukonzekera Nkhungu: Magawo awiri a nkhungu yachitsulo amamangiriridwa pamodzi mu makina oponyera (kaya "chipinda chotentha" cha zinc, chomwe chimasungunuka mwachangu, kapena "chipinda chozizira" cha mkuwa/aluminium, chomwe chimafunikira kutentha kwakukulu). Nkhunguyo imapopedwanso ndi chotulutsira (mafuta opepuka) kuti chitsulo chosungunuka chisamamatire. Kulowetsa Chitsulo: Pistoni kapena plunger imakankhira chitsulo chosungunuka m'kati mwa nkhunguyo pamphamvu kwambiri (2,000–15,000 psi). Kupanikizika kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti chitsulocho chimadzaza tsatanetsatane uliwonse wa nkhungu—ngakhale zolemba zazing'ono kapena mizere yopyapyala yopepuka. Kuziziritsa & Kuchotsa: Chitsulocho chimazizira kwa masekondi 10-30 (kutengera kukula) mpaka chitakhala cholimba. Nkhunguyo imatseguka, ndipo pini yaying'ono yotulutsira imakankhira chotulutsira. Pa siteji iyi, chopanda kanthucho chimakhalabe ndi "flash" (chitsulo chopyapyala, chochulukirapo m'mphepete) kuchokera pomwe magawo a nkhungu adakumana.

4.Kudula ndi Kumaliza (Kuyeretsa Malo Opanda Kanthu)Kuchotsa/Kudula: Kuwalako kumachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina odulira (pa maoda ambiri) kapena zida zamanja (pa magulu ang'onoang'ono). Gawoli limaonetsetsa kuti m'mbali mwa mendulo muli bwino komanso mofanana—palibe malo akuthwa kapena ovuta. Kupera & Kupukuta: Malo opanda kanthu amapakidwa ndi sandpaper yopyapyala kuti azitha kusalala bwino pamwamba (monga thovu laling'ono lochokera ku kuponyedwa). Kuti liwoneke lowala, limapukutidwa ndi gudumu lopukutira ndi chopukutira (monga, chopepuka kuti chiwoneke ngati galasi).

5.Kukongoletsa Pamwamba (Kupanga Mendulo "Pop")Apa ndi pomwe mendulo imapeza mtundu wake, kapangidwe kake, ndi kudziwika kwa mtundu wake—mankhwala ofala kwambiri ndi awa:

Kuphimba: Chopanda kanthucho chimaviikidwa mu bafa ya electrolytic kuti chiwonjezere chophimba chachitsulo (monga golide, siliva, nickel, mkuwa wakale). Kuphimba kumateteza mendulo ku dzimbiri ndipo kumawonjezera mawonekedwe ake (monga, chophimba cha mkuwa wakale kuti chiwoneke ngati chakale).

Kudzaza Enamel: Pa mendulo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, enamel yofewa kapena yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo obisika a malo opanda kanthu (pogwiritsa ntchito sirinji kapena stencil). Enamel yofewa imaumitsidwa ndi mpweya ndipo ili ndi malo owoneka pang'ono; enamel yolimba imaphikidwa pa 800°C kuti ipange mawonekedwe osalala, ofanana ndi galasi.

Zojambula/Kusindikiza: Zambiri zaumwini (monga mayina a olandira, masiku a chochitika) zimawonjezedwa kudzera mu laser engraving (kuti zitheke molondola) kapena kusindikiza ndi silk-screen (kuti zipeze mitundu yolimba).

6.Kuyang'anira Ubwino ndi Kukhazikitsa

Kuwunika Ubwino: Mendulo iliyonse imayesedwa ngati ili ndi zolakwika—monga mfundo zomwe zikusowa, ma plating osafanana, kapena thovu la enamel. Zidutswa zilizonse zolakwika zimakanidwa kapena kukonzedwanso.

Kumanga (Ngati Pakufunika): Ngati mendulo ili ndi zowonjezera (monga riboni, chogwirira, kapena unyolo wa makiyi), izi zimamangiriridwa pamanja kapena ndi makina. Mwachitsanzo, lupu ya riboni imalumikizidwa kumbuyo kwa mendulo kuti ikhale yosavuta kuvala.