Noocyada calaamadaha waxaa badanaa loo kala saaraa iyadoo loo eegayo hababka wax soo saarkooda. Hababka calaamadaha ugu badan ee la isticmaalo waa rinjiga dubista, dhaldhalaalka, dhaldhalaalka dayaca, shaambadda, daabacaadda, iwm. Halkan waxaan inta badan ku soo bandhigi doonnaa noocyada calaamadahan.
Nooca 1aad ee calaamadaha: Calaamadaha la rinjiyeeyay
Astaamaha rinjiga dubista: midabada dhalaalaya, khadadka cad, qaab-dhismeedka xooggan ee walxaha birta, naxaasta ama birta waxaa loo isticmaali karaa walxo ceeriin ah, calaamadda rinjiga dubista birtana waa mid raqiis ah oo wanaagsan. Haddii miisaaniyaddaadu yar tahay, dooro tan! Dusha sare ee calaamadda rinjiga leh waxaa lagu dahaadhi karaa lakab resin ilaalin ah oo hufan (poli). Habkan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan "daadinta xabagta" (ogow in dusha sare ee calaamadda ay dhalaali doonto ka dib marka xabagta ay daadato sababtoo ah iftiinka oo soo noqnoqda). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, calaamadda rinjiga leh ee leh resin waxay waayi doontaa dareenka convex ee concave.
Nooca 2aad ee calaamadaha: calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka ee ku dayashada
Dusha sare ee calaamadda dhaldhalaalka ee dayacan waa siman tahay. (marka la barbar dhigo calaamadda dhaldhalaalka ee la dubay, khadadka birta ah ee dusha sare ee calaamadda dhaldhalaalka ee dayacan weli way yar yihiin farahaaga.) Khadadka dusha sare ee calaamadda waxaa lagu dahaadhi karaa dahab, lacag iyo midabyo kale oo bir ah, midabyo dhaldhalaal ah oo dayacan ayaa lagu buuxiyaa khadadka birta. Habka wax soo saarka ee calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka ee dayacan waxay la mid tahay calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka (calaamadaha Cloisonne). Farqiga u dhexeeya calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka ee dayacan iyo calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka dhabta ah ayaa ah in midabada dhaldhalaalka ee loo isticmaalo calaamadaha ay kala duwan yihiin (mid waa midab dhaldhalaal dhab ah, kan kalena waa midab dhaldhalaal macmal ah iyo midab dhaldhalaal macmal ah oo dayacan). Calaamadaha dhaldhalaalka ee dayacan waa kuwo aad u fiican shaqada. Dusha sare ee midabka dhaldhalaalka waa siman yahay oo gaar ahaan jilicsan, taasoo dadka siisa dareen aad u heer sare ah oo raaxo leh. Waa doorashada koowaad ee habka wax soo saarka calaamadda. Haddii aad rabto inaad marka hore samayso calaamad qurux badan oo heer sare ah, fadlan dooro calaamad dhaldhalaal ah oo dayacan ama xitaa Calaamadda Dhaldhalaalka.
Nooca 3aad ee calaamadaha: calaamadaha la shaabadeeyey
Alaabada calaamadda ee badanaa loo isticmaalo shaabadeynta calaamadaha waa naxaas (naxaas cas, naxaas cas, iwm.), birta zinc, aluminium, bir, iwm., oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan calaamadaha birta. Kuwaas dhexdooda, sababtoo ah naxaastu waa tan ugu jilicsan uguna habboon sameynta calaamadaha, khadadka calaamadaha naxaasta la riixay ayaa ah kuwa ugu cad, waxaana ku xiga calaamadaha zinc. Dabcan, qiimaha agabka awgeed, qiimaha calaamadaha naxaasta la riixay ee u dhigma ayaa sidoo kale ah kan ugu sarreeya. Dusha sare ee calaamadaha la shaabadeeyay waxaa lagu dahaadhi karaa saameyno kala duwan oo dahaadh ah, oo ay ku jiraan dahaadhka dahabka, dahaadhka nikkel, dahaadhka naxaasta, dahaadhka naxaasta, dahaadhka lacagta, iwm. isla waqtigaas, qaybta qaloocan ee calaamadaha la shaabadeeyay ayaa sidoo kale loo farsamayn karaa saameyn ciid ah, si loo soo saaro calaamado kala duwan oo shaabadaysan oo qurux badan.
Nooca 4aad ee calaamadaha: Calaamadaha daabacan
Calaamadaha la daabacay waxaa sidoo kale loo qaybin karaa daabacaadda shaashadda iyo lithography, kuwaas oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan calaamadaha dhejiska. Sababtoo ah habka ugu dambeeya ee calaamadda waa in lagu daro lakab ilaalin hufan (poli) dusha sare ee calaamadda, agabka loo isticmaalo daabacaadda calaamadda inta badan waa bir aan miridh lahayn iyo naxaas. Dusha sare ee naxaasta ama birta aan miridh lahayn ee calaamadda la daabacay lama dahaadhin, waxaana guud ahaan lagu daaweeyaa midab dabiici ah ama sawir silig ah. Farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya calaamadaha shaashadda la daabacay iyo calaamadaha saxanka la daabacay waa: calaamadaha shaashadda la daabacay waxaa inta badan loogu talagalay sawirro fudud iyo midabyo yar; Daabacaadda lithographic waxaa inta badan loogu talagalay qaababka adag iyo midabyo badan, gaar ahaan midabada kala-goynta. Sidaas darteed, calaamadda daabacaadda lithographic waa mid aad u qurux badan.
Nooca 5aad ee calaamadaha: calaamadaha qaniinyada
Calaamadda saxanka qaniinyada guud ahaan waxay ka samaysan tahay naxaas, bir aan miridh lahayn, bir iyo walxo kale, oo leh khadad fiican. Maadaama dusha sare lagu daboolay lakab resin hufan (Polly), gacantu waxay dareemeysaa xoogaa qaloocsan midabkuna waa dhalaalayaa. Marka la barbar dhigo hababka kale, calaamadda xaraashka way fududahay in la sameeyo. Ka dib marka filimka farshaxanka ee loogu talagalay la soo bandhigo iyadoo la daabacayo, farshaxanka calaamadda ee taban waxaa loo wareejiyaa saxanka naxaasta ah, ka dibna qaababka u baahan in la qodo waxaa lagu xardhay walxo kiimiko ah. Kadib, calaamad xaraash ah ayaa lagu sameeyaa hababka sida midabaynta, shiididda, nadiifinta, feeridda, irbadda alxanka iyo koronto-samaynta. Dhumucda calaamadda saxanka qaniinyada guud ahaan waa 0.8mm.
Nooca 6aad ee calaamadda: calaamadda saxanka
Agabka wax soo saarka ee calaamadda tinplate-ka waa tinplate. Hawsheeda waa mid fudud, dusha sare waxaa lagu duubay warqad, qaabka daabacaadduna waxaa bixiya macaamiisha. Calaamaddeedu waa mid raqiis ah oo fudud. Waxay ku habboon tahay calaamadaha kooxda ardayda ama kooxda guud, iyo sidoo kale agabka guud ee xayaysiinta shirkadaha iyo alaabada xayaysiinta.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebteembar-02-2022
